However, Elizabeth also had some other unique instruction. Elizabeth Báthory was born on a family estate in Nyírbátor, Hungary, Habsburg monarchy, in 1560 or 1561, and spent her childhood at Ecsed Castle. The second son, Stephen III rose to become Palatine of Hungary and in 1444 fell in the Battle of Varna as flag-bearer of Władysław, King of Poland and Hungary. They were the king's witnesses, but they were executed quickly. The family divided into two major branches, which descended from the sons and grandsons of According to the testimonies, Báthory's first victims were girls aged 10 to 14 years. Báthory's other known children include Orsolya (Orsika) Nádasdy (1590 – unknown) who would later become the wife of István II Benyó; Katalin (Kata or Katherina) Nádasdy (1594 – unknown); András Nádasdy (1596–1603); and Pál (Paul) Nádasdy (1598–1650), father of Franz III. Her older brother was Stephen Báthory (1555–1605), who became a judge royal of Hungary. [26] On 30 December, Thurzó went to Csejte Castle and arrested Báthory along with four of her servants, who were accused of being her accomplices: Dorotya Semtész, Ilona Jó, Katarína Benická, and János Újváry ("Ibis" or Fickó). [5] Stories describing Báthory's vampiric tendencies, such as the tale that she bathed in the blood of virgins to retain her youth, were generally recorded years after her death, and are considered unreliable. The Countess, Elizabeth Bathory, was born in Transylvania in 1560. [18] The castle had been bought by his mother in 1569 and given to Nádasdy, who transferred it to Elizabeth during their nuptials,[16]:35 together with the Csejte country house and seventeen adjacent villages. However, she was arrested and detained prior to the discovery or presentation of the victims. Although in modern times she has been labelled the most prolific female serial killer in history, her guilt is … As György Thurzó wrote, Elizabeth Báthory was locked in a bricked room, but according to other sources (written documents from the visit of priests, July 1614), she was able to move freely and unhindered in the castle, so today the bondage could be called house arrest. Impressed by Stephen, George VI Báthory, of the Ecsed branch, was persuaded to change his allegiance from the Habsburgs to Zápolya, for which the Habsburg king deprived him of his castle Bujak. Bathory is based on the legends surrounding the life and deeds of Countess Elizabeth Bathory known as the greatest murderess in the history of mankind. This book was SO frigging good. Just go lie down." [40] The location of her body today is unknown. In the 19th century, long after the demise of the other branches, the family claimed name and title of Counts Báthory, since their ancestor Michael had never consented to the sale conducted by his brothers, and in 1852 the Russian government confirmed the legitimacy of their claims. Sadistic pleasure is considered a far more plausible motive for Elizabeth Báthory's crimes. Between 1602 and 1604, after rumors of Báthory's atrocities had spread throughout the kingdom, Lutheran minister István Magyari made complaints against her, both publicly and at the court in Vienna. Countess Elizabeth Báthory de Ecsed (Hungarian: Báthory Erzsébet, pronounced [ˈbaːtori ˈɛrʒeːbɛt]; Slovak: Alžbeta Bátoriová ; 7 August 1560 – 21 August 1614)[1] was a Hungarian noblewoman from the family of Báthory, who owned land in the Kingdom of Hungary (now Hungary, Slovakia and Romania). [5] Ladislaus' younger brother George II is the ancestor of the Simolin family, later called Báthory of Simolin (see below). [12][11] This has led to speculation that Báthory's killings during her later life were part of her efforts to cure the illness she had been suffering from since childhood; however, there is no hard evidence supporting this speculation.[11]. [41], Several authors such as László Nagy and Dr. Irma Szádeczky-Kardoss have argued that Elizabeth Báthory was a victim of a conspiracy. [15] Evidence of this pregnancy came up long after Elizabeth's death through rumors spread by peasants; therefore, the validity of the rumor is often disputed. Briccius: The elder branch of the family, the Báthory of Somlyó were descended from John, Count of Szatmár, the first-born son of Briccius, through his eldest son Ladislaus (died 1373). Another proposal made by some sources in order to explain Báthory's cruelty later in her life is that she was trained by her family to be cruel. The Trial of Countess Elizabeth Báthory: Developing a Defense for Dame Dracula and Deconstructing Dominant Damsels ... A Croatian woman named Anna Darvolya was already living in the Násdasdy household, and was running a torture and execution mill with the ... Dracula.” 1 Bathory, George and Anna Báthory produced the most infamous member of the family, Elizabeth, a widow Countess who was eventually tried and found guilty of murdering hundreds of young peasant girls over the course of twenty years, making her the most prolific serial killer in history. [30], Some witnesses named relatives who died while at the gynaeceum. Finally, in 1610, King Matthias II assigned Thurzó, the Palatine of Hungary, to investigate. Her father’s name was Gyorgy Bathory of Ecsed. Thurzó ordered two notaries, András Keresztúry and Mózes Cziráky,[26] to collect evidence in March 1610. Her mother’s father had been the Voivod (or Prince) of Transylvania, as had her father’s brother – in fact, her parents came from two branches of the Báthory family. In 1526, he fought in the disastrous Battle of Mohács against the Ottomans, in which King Louis II fell. [3][6][7] [5] Szádeczky-Kardoss argues the physical evidence was exaggerated and Thurzó misrepresented dead and wounded patients as victims of Báthory, as disgracing her would greatly benefit his political state ambitions. Several historians have argued that far from being a … The grateful people honoured him with the names Báthory, meaning "good hero", and animus magnanimus. I know she had at five children : Paul, Andrew, Anna, Ursula, Katherine . [26] In the last month of 1614, she signed her arrangement, in which she distributed the estates, lands, and possessions among her children. The Csejte church or the castle of Csejte do not bear any markings of her possible grave. [8] Nicknames and literary epithets attributed to her include The Blood Countess and Countess Dracula. At the age of 11, Elizabeth’s family betrothed her to 15-year-old Ferenc Nadasdy, the son of the then Palatine of Hungary. [42][43] Nagy argued that the proceedings against Báthory were largely politically motivated, possibly due to her extensive wealth and ownership of large areas of land in Hungary, escalating after the death of her husband. Ladislaus, Count of Szabolcs, married Anna Meggyesi and received Somlyó as dowry. For the 1986 song by Venom, see, Copy of the lost 1585 original portrait of Elizabeth Báthory, The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of, Letters from Thurzó to both men on 5 March 1610, printed in, A letter from 12 December 1610 by Elizabeth's son-in-law Zrínyi to, Lengyel Tünde, Várkonyi Gábor - Báthory Erzsébet, egy asszony élete, Szádeczky-Kardoss Irma - Báthory Erzsébet igazsága / The truth of Elizabeth Báthory (10 years of research using contemporary correspondence), Lengyel Tünde, Várkonyi Gábor: Báthory Erzsébet - egy asszony élete / Life of a woman, Infamous Lady the true story of Countess Erzsebet Bathory Kimberly L. Craft 2009 p.298, Thorne, Tony. György Nádasdy is also supposedly the name of one of the deceased Nádasdy infants, but nothing on that can be confirmed. For those that aren’t aware: the Windsors are known as the British Royal Family today. For other uses, see, "Batory" redirects here. George and Anna were both Bathorys by birth; he a member of the Ecsed branch of the family and of the Somlyo. As a young woman, she learned Latin, German, Hungarian, and Greek. As a child, Báthory suffered multiple seizures that may have been caused by epilepsy, possibly stemming from the inbreeding of her parents. Born into prominent Protestant nobility in Hungary, her family controlled Transylvania . [16] in what was probably a political arrangement within the circles of the aristocracy. ", in. [45] To support Báthory's innocence, the testimony of around 300 witnesses [16]:96–99 and the physical evidence collected by the investigators have to be addressed or disputed. The Báthory family belonged to the Gutkeled, a clan of Hungarian nobles, which traced its descent to the Swabian brothers Gut and Kelad, who immigrated into Hungary from the castle Stof (probably Staufen im Breisgau or Hohenstaufen in Württemberg) during the reign of King Peter (reigned 1038–1046), who himself was partly of Venetian descent. Vitus killed it with three thrusts of his lance and as a reward received the castle. Wertner, Moritz, "Urgeschlechter in Siebenbürgen. Jul 22, 2019 - Emily Porter is the descendant of the most prolific female serial killer of all time, Elizabeth Bathory. [47] In his book Hungary and Transylvania, published in 1850, John Paget describes the supposed origins of Báthory's blood-bathing, although his tale seems to be a fictionalized recitation of oral history from the area. I was researching about it today and I found a family tree of her husband Ferenc Nadasdy. Later, the interest of the Zápolyas were represented at the Habsburg court by the Voivod's son Stephen IX, who would go on to become Prince of Transylvania and King of Poland. Her father was Baron George VI Báthory of the Ecsed branch of the family, brother of Andrew Bonaventura Báthory, who had been voivode of Transylvania, while her mother was Baroness Anna Báthory (1539–1570), daughter of Stephen Báthory of Somlyó, another voivode of Transylvania, who was of the Somlyó branch. the surrounding dragon being the emblem of the Order of the Dragon. Although it is commonly believed that Báthory was caught in the act of torture, she was having dinner. During her lifetime she supposedly murdered and brutally tortured hundreds of young girls in a dungeon below Čachtice Castle. Apparently, some 600 young women came to a premature end in order to keep her macabre fountain of youth flowing. His Romanian surname Drăculea (transliterated as "Dracula" in foreign languages of the historical documents where his name is mentioned) is a diminutive derived from his father's title Dracul and means "Son of the Dragon" (see [8][9] Some scholars have suggested that she served as one of Bram Stoker's influences for writing the novel Dracula but the evidence to support this is slim. At age 14 she became pregnant by a peasant man and was sequestered until she gave birth. Abridged from Female Serial Killers: How and Why Women Become Monsters by Peter Vronsky. Bátor had been the estate of Vajda son of Lángos, who had married a relative of Andrew but died without issue. ", in, This page was last edited on 12 April 2021, at 19:01. Countess Elizabeth Báthory was a Hungarian noblewoman from the kingdom of Hungary. Although the exact nature of the illness which led to his death is unknown, it seems to have started in 1601, and initially caused debilitating pain in his legs. In the 1550s, when Ferdinand briefly gained control of Transylvania in 1551, he installed Stephen's nephew Bonaventura as his lieutenant to govern the country. In this time period, if someone was harmed, or someone even stole a chicken, a letter of complaint was written. Abductions were said to have occurred as well. [6][11][12], This article is about the Hungarian noble family. The highest report of her murder toll stands at 650. Stephen VII first proved himself as Count of Temesvár and in 1519 was elected Palatin of Hungary, as which he had to contend with the opposition of the nobility. Countess Elizabeth Báthory de Ecsed (Báthory Erzsébet in Hungarian, Alžbeta Bátoriová in Slovak; 7 August 1560 – 21 August 1614) was a countess from the renowned Báthory family of Hungarian nobility. The youngest son, Nicolaus III (d. 1506), bishop first of Syrmia and after 1474 of Vác, excelled as a renaissance scholar and served as counselor to King Matthias Corvinus. Before dying, Nádasdy entrusted his heirs and widow to György Thurzó, who would eventually lead the investigation into Báthory's crimes.[16]. Her story quickly became part of national folklore, and her infamy persists to this day. The Ecsed branch first rises to prominence with the sons of Luke's grandson John V. His eldest son Bartholomew I fell in 1432 fighting against the Hussites. Elizabeth Bathory, Hungarian countess who purportedly tortured and murdered hundreds of young women in the 16th and 17th centuries. [44], There are counter-arguments made against this theory. When you think of vampires, you probably do not think about the “Blood Countess” who began to lurk amongst the people in 1560 (Joshi 6). Báthory was raised a Calvinist Protestant. British Royals Occult Connections. [3][14][9] Born into a privileged family of nobility, Báthory was endowed with wealth, education, and a prominent social rank. 'Countess Dracula: The Life and Times of Elisabeth Bathory, the Blood Countess', Learn how and when to remove this template message, Baron Tamás Nádasdy de Nádasd et Fogarasföld, "The Legend of Elizabeth Báthory: The Blood Countess", "The falling sickness. The family rose to significant influence in Central Europe during the late Middle Ages, holding high military, administrative and ecclesiastical positions in the Kingdom of Hungary. [20], Báthory's daughter, Anna Nádasdy, was born in 1585 and was later to become the wife of Nikola VI Zrinski. This legend appeared in print for the first time in 1729, in the Jesuit scholar László Turóczi's Tragica Historia, the first written account of the Báthory case. All of Elizabeth's children were cared for by governesses, as Báthory had been. Báthory has been labeled by Guinness World Records as the most prolific female murderer, though the number of her victims is debated. A legendary account, placing the Báthorys' origin in the year 900 (preceding the advent of the Gutkeled clan), relates how a god-fearing warrior called Vitus (a namesake of a member of the first generation of the Gutkeled clan) set out to fight a dragon, which lurked in the swamps next to the castle of Ecsed (actually built only in the 14th century) and harassed the countryside. [30] They were also covered in honey and live ants. Her name in English translates to Elizabeth. Serial Killer Elizabeth Bathory (aka) The Blood Countess, The Čachtice Countess, was active for 20 years between 1590-1609, known to have ( 80 confirmed / 650 possible ) victims.This Serial Killer was active in the following countries: Slovakia Elizabeth Bathory was born on August 7th 1560 in Nyírbátor, Kingdom of Hungary, Habsburg monarchy (Slovakia). Related to Tepes through marriage was Countess Elizabeth Báthory de Ecsed…. Portrait of Elizabeth Bathory, The Blood Countess. However, whether it is do to the consanguineous marriages within the Bathory line or the effect of their luxuriant living environment, the family contained many insane and cruel individuals. [16]:96–99, On 12 December 1610, Nikola VI Zrinski confirmed the agreement with Thurzó about the imprisonment of Báthory and distribution of the estate. According to a tradition Báthory family of hungarian and polish kings descends from gothic Baltha clan both of these names meaning approaximately 'brave'. [26] A trial and execution would have caused a public scandal, an influential family which ruled Transylvania would be disgraced, and Elizabeth's considerable property would have been seized by the crown. The Báthory family (Polish: Batory) was a Hungarian noble family of the Gutkeled clan. Two court officials (Benedek Deseő and Jakab Szilvássy) claimed to have personally witnessed the Countess torture and kill young servant girls. Her family had many powerful relatives -- a cardinal, princes, and a cousin who was prime minister of Hungary are among these relatives. Homosexuals, pedophiles and Satanists were not uncommon among her relatives. In the 15th century, Michael's brothers George and Ladislaus, who both died without issue, had sold their heritage to the then-head of the Somlyó branch, Nicolaus. Through her mother, Elizabeth was the niece of the Hungarian noble Stephen Báthory (1533–1586), the king of Poland and the grand duke of Lithuania of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the prince of Transylvania. [32], Most of the witnesses testified that they had heard the accusations from others, but didn't see it themselves. There were many suspected forms of torture carried out by Báthory. The book was never revealed and Szilvássy never mentioned it in his testimony. It turns out that Elizabeth Bathory's grandson - Francis Nadasdy - had a desire to paint a series of portraits of his living family, including some of his ancestors whose portraits had gone missing. Simon Kezai, Lázló Veszprémy, Frank Schaer (ed. In Hungarian the word bátor means "brave". [25] The Hungarian authorities took some time to respond to Magyari's complaints. Approximately 4,500 guests were invited to the wedding. [43], The case of Elizabeth Báthory inspired numerous stories during the 18th and 19th centuries. They included no references to blood baths. The Somlyó branch, on the other hand, supported John Zápolya, whom the greater part of the Hungarian nobility had elected King. and also in the US.but i very much doubt some of them would be able to write such comments as I found here.sorry. According to the opinions of a majority of historians, legends such as her bathing in the blood of the young women were based on later rumors. As was the custom, the young bride to be left her own home once the betrothal was official and the family of her fiance took over her education. Elizabeth Báthory (or Erzsébet, to use the Hungarian spelling) was born into a Hungarian noble family on the 7th August, 1560. Initially, Thurzó made the declaration to Báthory's guests and villagers that he had caught her red-handed. [19] With her husband away at war, Báthory managed business affairs and the estates. 1560: Elizabeth Bathory is born into one of the oldest and wealthiest families in Transylvania. A history of epilepsy from the Greeks to the beginnings of modern neurology", "Báthory Erzsébet – Báthory Erzsébet: Short FAQ", "Biography of Erzsébet Bathory of Transylvania (±1561–1614), "The Blood Countess, "Countess Elizabeth Báthory: icon of evil", No Blood in the Water: The Legal and GenderConspiracies Against Countess Elizabeth Bathory in Historical Context, "The Early Ottoman Period, Including Royal Hungary, 1526–1606", "Elizabeth Báthory Drop of Blood Festival: 16 August 2014", "A genealogy of the Nádasdy family, including her descendants", A complete genealogy of all descendants Elizabeth Báthory (17th-20th century), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Báthory&oldid=1019512095, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from March 2018, Articles with self-published sources from September 2020, Wikipedia references cleanup from March 2021, Articles covered by WikiProject Wikify from March 2021, All articles covered by WikiProject Wikify, Articles containing Hungarian-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2017, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 23 April 2021, at 19:02. She wrote a will in September 1610, in which she left all current and future inheritance possession to her children. Nádasdy, who was one of the leaders of the Magnate conspiracy against Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I. [10], Another branch of the family are the Báthory of Simolin family, which was named after their estate Simony (or Simolin). [1], In 1279, King Ladislaus IV rewarded Andrew's brother Hodos[2] Her father was György Bathory of Ecsed. Her mother’s name was Anne Bathory. She was born on 7th August 1560 and belonged to the noble family of Báthory, who owned land in the Kingdom of… Stammtafel nach Alexander von Simolin - printed in Farin, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, Voivod (and later Prince) of Transylvania, List of titled noble families in the Kingdom of Hungary, "Bram Stoker, Elizabeth Bathory and Dracula", "A genealogy of the founders of the Báthory family", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Báthory_family&oldid=1017436040, Articles lacking reliable references from August 2012, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from February 2019, Pages using infobox family with unknown parameters, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. The Csejte church or the castle of Csejte, in Upper Hungary now! 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